Staking is not risk-free.

Read our detailed overview of staking risks here.

Watch this video of how to stake.

Alternatively, follow the below steps in Ledger Live.

1. Connect a wallet with 32 ETH or more.

2. Open 'Discover' and find the Kiln dApp

4. Before staking, read and fully understand the 'terms and conditions' and product documentation to ensure you are familiar with it works

5. Use the slider to select the amount you wish to stake and press 'stake'

6. Follow all the on-screen prompts to review and confirm the transaction on your Ledger device

When staking with Kiln, you deposit your 32 ETH (or multiples) into a smart contract:

1. When you stake, you activate your own validators that secure the Ethereum network and receive rewards on your behalf.

2. Validators enter an activation queue and will not receive rewards until activated. The queue time is based on the number of other validators awaiting activation.

3. Your rewards rate will be based on the rewards your own validator earns from participating in the Ethereum network.

You can view your validator(s) and the status at any time at 'Dedicated > Validators'.

Kiln generates and stores the validator keys used to operate all validators in both the Staking Pool and Solo staking. These keys are safely stored according to practices that have received SOC2 certification.

The withdrawal keys, which control the address and is eligible to receive the original stake and any accrued rewards upon a withdrawal, are controlled on your Ledger device.

The lifecycle of an Ethereum validator involves several stages, which we simplify within the Kiln dApp for clarity:

• Active Your validator is active, participating on the network and generating rewards.

• Exit requested You have requested a validator exit. The exit request will be processed and will join the protocol's exit queue within 72 hours. During this time it is still active and generating rewards.

• Exiting Your validator is in the protocol's exit queue, waiting to be processed to exit the active set. During this time it is still active and generating rewards.

• Ready to withdraw Your validator is fully exited, the funds have been unstaked and the 32 ETH balance is now ready to withdraw. You can select one or more validators with this status and execute a 'withdraw rewards' transaction.

• Exited Your validator is fully exited, unstaked and all funds have been withdrawn. There is no further action to take

The current rate does not assure future performance.

The dApp displays the average reward rate of all Kiln validators from the past 7 days, excluding fees. This rate is updated daily and is published by Rated.

It represents the annualized percentage of rewards generated by all validators in relation to the total staked amount, excluding fees.

Individual validators do not generate consistent or linear rewards. Please read this for more detailed information on validator rewards.

Rewards are not guaranteed.

We invite you to read this informative article that provides insights into the expected staking rewards on the Ethereum network. It covers the various types of rewards and their characteristics in detail.

Ethereum staking offers two types of rewards: consensus layer and execution layer rewards.

Execution layer rewards tend to be less frequent but more substantial in value. Consensus layer rewards are received more frequently but are relatively smaller in value.

These rewards become available for withdrawing once they have been automatically "skimmed" by the protocol, which can take up to 9 days.

Yes, we use all of the relays that are listed here so there is a cross section of max profit, ethical and regulated.

Your validator will not receive ANY rewards until it becomes active.

The queue length will vary and is primarily determined by the number of other validators trying to enter the network.

We invite you to read our comprehensive blog post that provides a deeper understanding of how staking rewards work and explores the different types of rewards in detail.

The average reward rate visible on the dashboard represents the average backward-looking rate of all Kiln validators over the past 7 days.

Staking rewards for dedicated validators aren't received consistently on a fixed schedule. Rewards may vary monthly, and it takes time for your validator to gain more opportunities, leading to fluctuating rewards. Over a year, the reward rate tends to stabilize, approaching the network average.

Understanding the dynamics of staking rewards and their fluctuating nature will help you manage your expectations and make more informed decisions as a staker.

No, you need to withdraw your rewards from the Kiln dapp.

See here for guidance on claiming your rewards.

No. Each validator earns and receives its own rewards from the protocol. Rewards are not shared or pooled.

No. The withdrawal address of your validator is a smart contract managed by the staking smart contract.

Only the wallet from where you deposited can withdraw the rewards.

When you stake with this service, Kiln will operate validator(s) on your behalf. If these validators are incorrectly operated, it is possible that up to 100% of the staked ETH can be slashed, meaning they are destroyed by the protocol.

This is very rare and has never happened to any Kiln validators. Our infrastructure is purpose-built to mitigate this risk. You should however be aware that the risk is never 0.

Please read this article to learn more about Kiln monitoring and slashing and downtime mitigation.

There are two main smart contracts that introduce additional risk:

• The deposit contract which takes the incoming ETH and forwards it into the Beacon chain deposit contract

• The staking contract which retrieves your rewards. When you make a claim for the rewards, the smart contract and sends them back to you minus a commission that is sent to Kiln/Enzyme. The only wallet that can claim your rewards is the wallet that you originally staked from.

Both contracts were developed by Kiln and have been audited by Halborn, Spearbit and Ledger Donjon twice. Please visit https://security.kiln.fi to request the full audit report.

Kiln generates and stores the validator keys used to operate your validator. These keys are safely stored according to practices that have received SOC2 certification.

Your withdrawal keys, which control the address and is eligible to receive the original stake and any accrued rewards upon a withdrawal, are controlled on your wallet.

In the unlikely event that Kiln becomes insolvent, we have a business continuity and disaster recovery plan which we were certified for as part of our successful SOC 2 Type 1 (in 2022) and SOC 2 type 2 (in 2023) audits.

We also have an Ethereum-specific policy involving exiting all validators or transferring validation keys in case Kiln can no longer operate the service.

To claim your rewards in the Kiln app, follow these steps:

1. Open the Kiln dApp and navigate to the 'Dedicated > Validators' section.

2. Select the validator(s) from which you want to claim the rewards.

4. Connect your Ledger device and follow the on-screen instructions to approve the transactions.

   1. In the case you received both EL and CL rewards, you will need to sign one transaction to withdraw CL rewards and another one for EL rewards, in Q4 we plan to make this flow smother so that you can withdraw everything in one transaction.

5. Once the transaction is confirmed, you will be able to see your claimed rewards in your wallet.

This refers to the total sum of rewards generated by your validator from both the consensus layer and the execution layer since the beginning of your staking journey.

These are the rewards that are currently available for you to withdraw.

Execution layer rewards are are available to withdraw as soon as they are received, while consensus layer rewards are transferred to the smart contract by the protocol following the regular validator sweep cycle (~every 8-10 days).

'Total' includes all rewards the validator has ever received, including those you have previously claimed. 'Withdrawable' are only those availabel to withdraw right now.

Here’s a video showing how to exit your validator from Ledger Live.

Alternatively, you can follow these steps:

1. In Ledger Live, connect the wallet you initiated your original stakes from.

2. Open 'Discover' and find the Kiln dApp

3. Open 'Dedicated > Validators'

4. Select one or multiple validators that you wish to exit

6. Follow all the on-screen prompts to review and confirm the transaction on your Ledger device

7. Once the transaction has been confirmed your validator will enter the protocol exit queue. This may take up to 48hrs before joining the exit queue.

No. You can only exit a validator once it has been processed and becomes active. Validators in the entry queue cannot be exited.

Upon requesting a validator exit, you'll see an estimated timeframe for the complete exit, indicating when your 32 ETH will be available for withdrawal.

This is the estimated best and worst case total time for completing the validator exit process.

You can see an estimate of the full process here by scrolling down to 'exit' and ‘withdrawal' queue length. The total time of both queues is the most accurate estimate.

This is a multi-step process that is a core function of the Ethereum protocol and cannot be influenced by Kiln, Ledger or any other node operator.

Upon initiating a validator exit, you'll be presented with the estimated total exit time, which encompasses the entire process detailed below:

1. Request validator exit

2. Request is processed by Kiln

3. Validator enters the 'exit' queue. It continues validating and earning rewards until processed

4. Validator is exited and removed from the active set. It stops participating in the network and no longer receives rewards.

5. Validator enters the 'withdrawal' queue to become withdrawable.

6. Validator waits for its balance to be skimmed by the protocols automatic 'validator sweep' process.

7. 32 ETH is available to withdraw from "Dedicated > Validators".

After step 4 above, find your validator here and access the 'withdrawals' tab for a more accurate estimate for when your ETH will be available to be claim. example this example shows the withdrawal of 32.003087 ETH will occur in about 2 days 10 hrs

Once processed, the balance is sent to the Kiln/Ledger smart contract ready for you to withdraw.

Staking is not risk free.

Read our detailed overview of staking risks .

The staking pool is not available to all countries or regions. Please check the 'terms and conditions' of the Kiln dapp via Ledger Live for the latest updates and service availability.

When staking via Ledger Live, 0.05 ETH is the minimum stake amount but keep in mind that when staking small amounts, gas fees could exceed your stake and potential rewards, making it less cost-effective.

There is no maximum requirement in the pool, allowing you the freedom to stake any amount of ETH you desire.

1. Connect a wallet

4. Before staking, read and fully understand the 'terms and conditions' and product documentation to ensure you are familiar with how the product works

5. Enter the amount you wish to stake and follow all the on-screen prompts.

The value of staked positions are typically recalculated daily. If the pool already has active validators generating rewards, you will need to wait for up to 24 hours for the calculations to reflect the changes in the value of your stake.

The token symbol is psETH and it can viewed in your wallet using a block explorer such as Etherscan.

No, these are non-transferable and are only used to represent the ownership of your staked position, including withdrawal rights.

The current rate is not a guarantee of future performance.

The reward rate is the trailing 7-day average rate of the pool, inclusive of fees. It is updated daily.

It represents the annualized percentage of rewards generated by all pool validators in relation to the total staked amount.

Staking fees are automatically deducted from rewards generated by the pool.

Validators are created based on the ETH being deposited into pool, and these validators generate rewards.

All consensus layer and execution layer rewards from validators supporting the pool are returned to the pool and compounded. This means the rewards received are used to create more validators in the pool.

These validators work in exactly the same way, and run in the same infrastructure, as the validators that are created for stakers engaging in native staking (32 ETH, dedicated validators).

Yes, all rewards generated by validators are returned to the pool and compounded, allowing for more validators to be created.

No, rewards are not distributed directly to your wallet.

Instead, staking rewards accrue to your staked ETH position automatically, so the value of that position increases inline with rewards generated by the pool and proportional to your stake.

The value of staked positions are typically recalculated daily at 12h30 UTC (14h30 CET). If the pool already has active validators generating rewards, you will need to wait for up to 24 hours for the calculations to reflect the changes in the value of your stake.

Individual staked positions are typically recalculated on a daily basis at 12h30 UTC (14h30 CET) after an oracle report is submitted.

Go to the 'Rewards' tab and scroll down to 'Pooling' and find 'Staked balance'

Go to the 'Rewards' tab and scroll down to 'Pooling' and find 'Total rewards'.

Certainly, you can withdraw any amount up to and including the current value of your stake.

Under normal circumstances, the withdrawal period can take anywhere between 1-5 days.

To begin the process, you need to ‘request an exit’ from the ‘Rewards’ tab.

Once that has been processed and fulfilled, you can withdraw your ETH from the same tab.

Withdrawing ETH from the pool is a three staged process:

1. Request exit

2. Wait for your request to be fulfilled

3. Claim your ETH

Request exit

• Wait for your request to be fulfilled

  Withdraw your ETH

  • When your ETH is available, you will need to perform a 'claim transaction' during which the NFT will be burned in exchange for the ETH.

  • Go back to the Kiln dapp in Ledger Live and click 'Rewards'.

  • Click 'withdraw' and follow the on-screen prompts to approve the transaction on the Ledger device.

Your withdrawal request is represented by an NFT and automatically generated when you make a request. You can also add it into your wallet.

When your ETH is ready to claim and withdraw, the NFT is burnt in exchange for the ETH.

All exit requests are typically processed daily at 12h30 UTC (14h30 CET), so it can take up to 24hrs for your exit request to be processed.

The pool uses available validator rewards for withdrawals. If demand exceeds supply, validators are exited programmatically alongside future rewards. This may result in longer withdrawal times, depending on the validator exit queue length.

Under normal circumstances, the withdrawal period is estimated to take between 1-5 days.

The pool smart contract utilizes available ETH received from validator rewards and deposits to facilitate the withdrawal process, and if demand for withdrawals exceeds the supply, the pool will programmatically exit validators to help meet the demand.

Depending on the length of the validator exit queue, this can lead to longer withdrawal times.

• Ethereum (Beacon chain) validator exit queue: when the pool needs ETH by exiting validators, it must wait for the full protocol exit and withdrawal process. This is a variable time depending on the number of validators trying to exit at the same time.

• Staking and withdrawal demand: the pool uses rewards and deposits to help service exit requests faster. If the demand for exits exceeds the supply and validators must be exited, this can add additional time.

• Timing of exit request and next oracle report: oracle reports are processed once per day and at a high level, the reports allow for calculation of rewards earned, processing of exit requests, validator activation/exit. For example, If you request an exit 1 minute after the oracle, you must wait 24hrs for the next report to acknowledge that request.

There are two ways to do this: